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Rosetta Stone

Laurence MorganAbout 4 minGuide

Rosetta Stone

A tabulated list of Bashism's and their equivalent Murex syntax

Below is a reference table of common Bash code and how it could be written in Murex.

It is also recommended that you read the language touropen in new window if you want to learn more about shell scripting in Murex.

DescriptionBashMurex
Write to STDOUTecho "Hello Bash"out "Hello Murex"

echo "Hello Murex" [1]
Write to STDERRecho "Hello Bash" >2err "Hello Murex"
Write to file (truncate)echo "Hello Bash" > hello.txtecho "Hello Murex" |> hello.txt
Write to file (append)echo "Hello Bash" >> hello.txtecho "Hello Murex" >> hello.txt
Pipe commandsecho "Hello Bash | grep Bashecho "Hello Murex | grep Murex

out "Hello Murex" -> regexp m/Murex/
Redirect errors to STDOUTcurl murex.rocks 2>&1 | lesscurl murex.rocks ? less

curl <!out> murex.rocks | less
Redirect output to STDERRuname -a >&2uname <err> -a

Quoting strings
Infixingecho "Hello $SHELL"out "Hello $SHELL"
String literalsecho 'Hello' $SHELLout 'Hello' $SHELL
Nesting quotesecho 'Hello \'Bob\''out %(Hello 'Bob')

Process management
Exit number$?exitnum
Background jobscommand &bg { command }
Job controlps,
jobs,
bg pid,
fg pid		fid-list,
jobs,
bg fid,
fg fid
Happy pathscommand && commandcommand && command

try {command; command}
Unhappy pathscommand || commandcommand || command

try {command}; catch {command}
Pipe failset -o pipefailrunmode trypipe module

runmode trypipe function

trypipe { commands }

Comments
Single line# comment# comment
Multiple lines:<<EOC
line 1
line 2
EOC		/#
line 1
line 2
#/
Mid-linen/aeg out foo/#comment#/bar

File pattern matching
(also known as "wildcards")
Globbingeg ls *.txteg ls *.txt (in the interactive terminal)

g pattern

eg ls @{g *.txt}
Regexpn/arx pattern

eg ls @{rx '*\\.txt'}
File type matchingn/af flags

eg f +s (only return symlinks)
Chainingn/aeg f +f | g *.txt | !g murex.*
(returns only files with the extension "txt" that aren't called "murex")

Expressions
Assignmentfoobar = $((1 + 2 * 3))foobar = 1 + 2 * 3 [2]
Comparison, string[ "$(command)" == "value" ]${command} == "value" [2] [5]
Comparison, numeric[ $integer -eq 5 ]$number == 5 [2]
Arithmeticecho $(( 1+2*3 ))1 + 2 * 3 [2]

out ${1+2*3} [2] [5]
Supported data types1. String,
2. Integer
(all variables are strings)		1. String,
2. Integer,
3. Float (default number type),
4. Boolean
5. Array,
6. Object,
7. Null
(all variables can be treated as strings and/or their primitive)

Variables
Assign a local variablelocal foo="bar"$foo = "bar" [2] [6]

out "bar" | set foo
Assign a global variablefoo="bar"$GLOBAL.foo = "bar" [6]

out "bar" | global foo
Assign an environmental variableexport foo="bar"export foo = "bar" [1] [2] [3]

$ENV.foo = "bar" [6]

out "bar" | export foo [3]
Printing a variableecho "$foobar"out $foobar [5]

$foobar

(variables don't need to be quoted in Murex)

Arrays
(eg arrays, lists)
Creating an arrayarray_name=(value1 value2 value3)%[value1 value2 value3]

%[value1, value2, value3]

eg array_name = %[1, 2, 3],
eg %[hello world] | foreach { ... }
Accessing an array element${array_name[0]}$array_name[0] (immutable)

$array_name.0 (mutable) [5]

array | [0]
Printing multiple elementsecho ${array_name[1]} ${array_name[0]}@array_name[1 0]

array | [1 0]
Printing a range of elementsn/a@array_name[1..3]

array | [1..3]
Printing all elementsecho ${array_name[*]}@array_name
Iterating through an arrayfor item in array; do;
    $item
done;		array | foreach item { $item }

eg %[Tom Richard Sally] | foreach name { out "Hello $name" }

Objects
(eg JSON objects, maps, hashes, dictionaries)
Creating an objectn/a%{ key: value, array: [1, 2, 3] } [2]

eg object_name = %{ key: val, arr: [1,3,3] }
eg %{ a:1, b:2, c:3 } | formap { ... }
Accessing an elementn/a$object_name[key] (immutable)

$object_name.key [5] (mutable)

object | [key]
Printing multiple elementsn/a$object_name[key1 key2]

object | [key1 key2]
Accessing a nested elementn/a$object_name[[.path.to.element]] (immutable) [4]

$object_name.path.to.element (mutable)

object | [[.path.to.element]] [4]

Iterating through an mapn/aobject | formap key value { $key; $value }

eg %{Bob: {age: 10}, Richard: {age: 20}, Sally: {age: 30} } | formap name person { out "$name is $person[age] years old" }

Sub-shells
Sub-shell, string"$(commands)"

eg "echo $(echo "Hello world")"		${commands} [5]

eg out ${out Hello world}
Sub-shell, arrays$(commands)

eg $(echo 1 2 3)		@{commands} [5]

eg out @{ %[1,2,3] }

Footnotes

  1. Supported for compatibility with traditional shells like Bash.
  2. Unlike Bash, whitespace (or the absence of) is optional.
  3. Environmental variables can only be stored as a string. This is a limitation of current operating systems.
  4. Path separator can be any 1 byte wide character, eg /. The path separator is defined by the first character in a path.
  5. Murex uses ${} for subshells and $() for variables, the reverse of what Bash and others use. The reason for this difference is because {} always denotes a code block and () denotes strings. So ${foobar} makes more sense as a subshell executing the command foobar, while $(foobar) makes more sense as the variable $foobar.
  6. When assigning a variable where the right hand side is an expression, eg $foo = "bar", the dollar prefix is optional. The set, global and export keywords are considered deprecated.

See Also

Last update:
Contributors: Olivier Refalo